Citizen Identity and Citizenship: (Civic Awareness):

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Unit 5: Civic Awareness

Lesson 11: Citizen Identity and Citizenship


What are Citizen, Citizenship and Nationality?

The legal resident of the nation who can enjoy the rights granted by the state and fulfil the duty towards the state is called a citizen. The legal status and identity of being a citizen are called citizenship which can be acquired on the basis of descent or blood relation or on the basis of birth or land. At the same time, the feeling of belongingness, love, respect and contribution towards the nation is nationality.  

What are the differences between Nationality and Citizenship?

 Nationality

Citizenship

Emotional relationship with the state

Legal relationship with the state

It is permanent and cannot be quitted

It is temporary and can be quitted

It remains even residing in a foreign country.

It can be acquired by residing in the state.

 What are the types of citizens that can be obtained as per the Constitution of Nepal?

a) Citizenship by Descent

·        A person whose father mother was a citizen of Nepal at his/her birth,

·        Every minor who is found within Nepal and whose father and mother are not known shall, until the father or the mother of the child is traced, be a citizen of Nepal by descent.

·        A person born in Nepal from a woman citizen residing in Nepal and whose father is not traced shall be provided with the citizenship of Nepal by descent.

b) Naturalized Citizenship

·        In case the father of the citizen by descent is found to be a foreign citizen, the citizenship of such person shall be converted into naturalized citizenship.

·        A foreign woman who has a matrimonial relationship with a citizen of Nepal and she wishes to acquire the naturalized citizenship of Nepal can acquire naturalized citizenship.

·        In the case of a person born from a women citizen and if he/she has permanently resided in Nepal and has not acquired the citizenship of a foreign country.

C. c) Honorary Citizenship

    According to the Constitution of Nepal, the honorary citizenship of Nepal is granted to any foreigner who has contributed to enhancing the benefit, pride and prestige of Nepal.

d) Non-Resident Nepalese Citizenship

The non-resident citizenship of Nepal may be granted to a person who has acquired the citizenship of a foreign country, has resided in the country other than a member state of the SAARC, and who or whose father or mother, grandfather or grandmother was previously a citizen 

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